Go does not have a vast selection of web scraping frameworks like Python does with Scrapy or Beautiful Soup. However, Go's standard library provides strong support for HTTP clients, concurrency, and HTML parsing, which can be used effectively for web scraping tasks.
There are some Go libraries that can be used to simplify web scraping tasks:
- Colly: This is probably the most popular web scraping framework for Go. It provides a lot of features for scraping and crawling websites, such as easy handling of different data types, concurrency management, and caching.
You can get started with Colly by installing it with go get
:
go get -u github.com/gocolly/colly/v2
Here is a simple example of how to use Colly for web scraping:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"github.com/gocolly/colly/v2"
)
func main() {
// Create a new collector
c := colly.NewCollector()
// On every a element which has href attribute call callback
c.OnHTML("a[href]", func(e *colly.HTMLElement) {
link := e.Attr("href")
fmt.Printf("Link found: %q -> %s\n", e.Text, link)
})
// Start scraping on https://hackerspaces.org
c.Visit("https://hackerspaces.org/")
}
- Goquery: While not a full scraping framework, goquery is a library that brings a syntax and feature set similar to jQuery to Go. It's great for parsing HTML and traversing the DOM of a page.
Install goquery with:
go get github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery
Example usage:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"log"
"net/http"
"github.com/PuerkitoBio/goquery"
)
func main() {
// Make HTTP request
response, err := http.Get("http://metalsucks.net")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer response.Body.Close()
// Create a goquery document from the HTTP response
document, err := goquery.NewDocumentFromReader(response.Body)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal("Error loading HTTP response body.", err)
}
// Find and print all links
document.Find("a").Each(func(index int, element *goquery.Selection) {
href, exists := element.Attr("href")
if exists {
fmt.Println(href)
}
})
}
These libraries are not frameworks per se but can be combined with Go's concurrency features, such as goroutines and channels, to create efficient and powerful web scraping tools. When using Go for web scraping, remember to respect the terms of service of the websites you are scraping and to manage request rates to avoid getting your IP address banned.